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Data

The user is responsible for checking the license of the original data, their validity and applicability. Below is a list of data sources

Land classification (copernicus global land cover)

Marcel Buchhorn, Bruno Smets, Luc Bertels, Bert De Roo, Myroslava Lesiv, Nandin-Erdene Tsendbazar, Martin Herold, & Steffen Fritz. (2020). Copernicus Global Land Service: Land Cover 100m: collection 3: epoch 2019: Globe (V3.0.1) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3939050

  • Source: Copernicus Global Land Service:
  • Link: https://land.copernicus.eu/en/products/global-dynamic-land-cover/copernicus-global-land-service-land-cover-100m-collection-3-epoch-2019-globe
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
  • Description: 100m resolution land classification

Administrative regions

GADM Global adminstrative map - Source: GADM - Link: https://gadm.org/ - License: GADM license - Description: poylgons of administrative areas

Protected areas

China Nature Reserve Specimen Resource Sharing Platform. (2024). List and Vector Boundaries of Nature Reserves in China [Data set].

  • Source: China Nature Reserve Specimen Resource Sharing Platform
  • Link: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14875797
  • License: MIT
  • Description: polygons of protected area

Bathymetry

Elevation and depth data

  • Source: GEBCO
  • Link: https://www.gebco.net/data-products-gridded-bathymetry-data/gebco2025-grid
  • License: CC0 (reference)
  • Description: Bathymetric dataset (2025 version).

Power infrastruture

Historical brownfield capacities

  • Source: Glboal Energy Monitor
  • Link: https://globalenergymonitor.org/projects/global-integrated-power-tracker/
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
  • Description: powerplant, renewable and transmission data

Population

Gridded population data

  • Source: WorldPop (www.worldpop.org - School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton; Department of Geography and Geosciences, University of Louisville; Departement de Geographie, Universite de Namur) and Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University (2018). Global High Resolution Population Denominators Project - Funded by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1134076). https://dx.doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/WP00647
  • Link: https://hub.worldpop.org/doi/10.5258/SOTON/WP00647
  • License: CC-BY 4.0 (reference)
  • Description: Gridded population data.